The northern lights (aurora borealis) and southern lights (aurora australis) happen when charged particles from the Sun slam into gases high in Earth's atmosphere. 🌍 Here's a quick guide to reading the live data on this page and giving yourself a real shot at seeing them.
🔭 How to see the northern lights
Four things need to line up: a strong enough solar storm, a dark sky, clear weather and an open view toward the pole. 🌌 Head away from city lights, give your eyes 15 to 20 minutes to adjust, and look north (south if you're in the southern hemisphere). The sweet spot is usually between 10 pm and 2 am local time. Type your location into the search box above and you'll get the probability, darkness and cloud forecast for your exact spot.
📅 Best time and season to see the aurora
❄️ In the northern hemisphere, aurora season runs from late August to April, when nights are long and properly dark. Activity tends to peak around the March and September equinoxes. The Sun also runs on an 11-year cycle, and the years around solar maximum bring more storms. Down south, the best views are from Tasmania, New Zealand and Patagonia between March and September.
⚡ What the Kp index, solar wind and Bz mean
The Kp index runs from 0 to 9 and tells you how shaken up Earth's magnetic field is. At Kp 0 to 2 the aurora hugs the Arctic circle. From Kp 5 it can reach northern Europe and the northern US, and at Kp 7 or higher it can show up much further south. 💨 Two things usually kick off a storm: fast solar wind (above roughly 500 km/s) and a negative Bz, which means the magnetic field points south.
🛰️ How this tracker works and its limits
The glowing oval comes from NOAA's OVATION model, which estimates the chance of a visible aurora from live satellite data and refreshes about every 30 minutes. It's a model, not a camera. It shows where aurora is likely, even on the daylight side of Earth where you'd never see it. ☁️🌙 So always read the percentage alongside darkness, cloud cover and moonlight, which is exactly what the location check on this page does for you.
📸 Tips for photographing the aurora
Bring a tripod and a wide, fast lens (f/2.8 or faster). A good starting point is ISO 1600 to 3200, a 5 to 15 second exposure and manual focus set to infinity. Go shorter when the curtains are bright and moving fast so they stay sharp. 🔋 Cold drains batteries quickly, so keep a spare warm in an inside pocket. Plenty of phones also have a night mode that handles a bright display nicely.